Dr. Kelly A. Powell-Smith - District 91¿´Æ¬istration District 91¿´Æ¬istration Media Fri, 20 Dec 2024 18:07:52 +0000 en-US hourly 1 Using Data to Improve Student Outcomes in the Context of COVID-19 /article/using-data-to-improve-student-outcomes-in-the-context-of-covid-19-lp/ Tue, 26 May 2020 04:00:00 +0000 http://3.212.154.62/using-data-to-improve-student-outcomes-in-the-context-of-covid-19-lp/ “Relationships before rigor, grace before grades, patience before programs, love before lessons.”Ìý—Dr. Brad Johnson. Learn More About Acadience Learning Months ago, when I was tasked with writing a blog about using student data to improve outcomes, our lives were very different from where they are now. I had some ideas about what I wanted to […]

The post Using Data to Improve Student Outcomes in the Context of COVID-19 appeared first on District 91¿´Æ¬istration.

]]>
.post-content{margin-top:370px;}
Dr. Kelly A. Powell-Smith

“Relationships before rigor, grace before grades, patience before programs, love before lessons.”Ìý—Dr. Brad Johnson.

Months ago, when I was tasked with writing a blog about using student data to improve outcomes, our lives were very different from where they are now.

I had some ideas about what I wanted to say about using data to drive instruction and using progress monitoring data to alter, when needed, the support provided to students in such a way that they reach their individual learning goals and both individual student and system-level outcomes are improved. This is an important topic that deserves our attention.

That is still true, yet, how do you focus on those outcomes in the midst of crisis, specifically a worldwide pandemic that has changed the shape of our everyday lives? What data will serve as benchmarks? Indeed, what are the outcomes toward which we should strive? Are they different now than before? Should they be? These are all questions that have been on my mind as I considered what to say about this topic at this time. Clearly, there are more questions than answers. With that in mind, what I offer is a series of considerations as we navigate this new educational territory.

As I began to consider this topic, I came across two pieces that offered some inspiration. One of those was a recent blog written by Howie Knoff,ÌýDisruptive Innovation and Redefining What is Truly ImportantÌýÌýand the other wasÌýHow Will You Measure Your Life?ÌýÌýby Clayton M. Christensen, 2010.

The circumstances in which we find ourselves as educators at this moment call for flexible and reflective thinking about the goals toward which we might aim and the goals that we might set for our students. I believe we will need to adjust our goals, and likely readjust them again at a later time. Ultimately, this means we will need to be flexible with expectations.

I would offer that we should focus our thinking and attention to what we can do right now to provide for the healthiest (academically and otherwise) and strongest start in the fall 2020-2021 school year in light of the current pandemic. As we do so, let’s consider what values, principles, and priorities might guide us.

Of value that might guide us is to consider what we can do to build people up during this crisis so that we can achieve that strong start in the fall. What “people” am I referring to? I am talking about everyone—students, teachers, parents, administrators, and related services personnel. If a strong start in the fall is the primary outcome we will aim toward, what actions might we take and how can we track our progress toward that goal, while keeping in mind building people up? I will offer three points to consider (borrowed heavily from Clayton Christensen)

  1. Keep this purpose (i.e., build people up now, so that we have a strong fall start) front and center as we consider how we, as educators, expend our energy over the coming weeks and months.
  2. Let this goal impact how you allocate your resources—time, energy, etc. As such, we will need to carefully consider the balance between the need to maintain academic skills and the need to grow academic skills, while still honoring the need for greater flexibility to address immediate needs and provide emotional support.
  3. Choose the right yard stick(s)—we need to measure both short and long-term outcomes. We still need to be able to measure where students are so that we can ensure their future success.

This is a pretty tall order for educators who are, in many cases, attending to their own families’ needs while trying to teach from a distance. As such, let’s consider some things we can do right now as educators. What are some actions we can take; things we can control. Here is a list for consideration:

  • Listen
  • Answer questions honestly
  • Offer options
  • Provide resources, if at all possible
  • Be patient
  • Be hopeful

´¡³ÙÌýÌýwe have been asked recently about what to do if students do not return to school this spring and there are no spring benchmark or progress monitoring data. In essence, educators are asking us:ÌýHow can we provide some means to check in on our students’ academic progress? We have been listening to educators and they are asking us to provide guidance for what is best practice under these unprecedented circumstances. In response to these questions, we spent time thinking about various options and the implications of those options. Our response is detailed in recent guidanceÌýÌýregarding conductingÌýAcadience®ÌýReading K-6ÌýandÌýAcadience®ÌýMathÌýassessments. The guidance provides options for educators to consider as well as important caveats for use of any data collected.

Beyond an academic check on students, what are some other things we might do to make sure we set ourselves, and our students, up for a strong start in the fall? One of those might be to make sure we take care of ourselves as educators and help our students do the same. That may look very different than a traditional approach to collecting progress monitoring data. While there may be an opportunity for academic data collection to occur, and if it can be done that’s great, but those data might not look like we expect and we should be prepared to be flexible regarding its interpretation. It will be important not to stress ourselves or our students to the breaking point in the name of collecting academic data. To do so not only puts your own health at risk, but we risk collecting data that won’t be accurate or useful in the manner we had hoped.

For whatever data we collect, formal or informal, academic or not, we need to consider context. When the instructional context is good, the question becomes, what other reasons are there for why the student is not doing well? We will need to think about instructional context differently given the current COVID-19 pandemic. What parameters will we use to gauge what is a good instructional context under these conditions? Under typical circumstances, we might consider things like attendance and other barriers to instructional access. We will still need to consider these kinds of barriers, though they may look different given the context. For example, if we are doing distance learning, do students have access to technology? We also should consider how motivation, challenge, and feedback may vary in this new context. We will need to exercise patience with ourselves and our students as we navigate this territory.

As we look at student growth, as well as student skill levels in the fall, we will need to keep this broader context in mind. It will be increasingly important for educators to understand where students start academically in the fall 2020-2021 school year. One silver lining here is that we have ways of gauging students’ initial skills, as well as procedures to set goals and track progress toward important outcomes. We have navigational tools at our disposal (e.g.,ÌýAcadience Reading K-6). And these tools, along with teams of dedicated educators provide us with hope that, despite the disruption, we can get students back on track and monitor whether our work is achieving that goal.

For more information about Acadience Learning, visitÌý.

[1]Ìý
[2]Ìý
[3]Ìý
About the Author

Dr. Kelly A. Powell-SmithÌýis Vice President and Associate Director of Research & Development at Acadience Learning, where she conducts research on assessment and intervention related to early childhood language and literacy development. Dr. Powell-Smith, a nationally certified school psychologist, obtained her doctorate in school psychology from the University of Oregon. She is a former Associate Professor of School Psychology at the University of South Florida. She was a faculty associate of the Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR) and a consultant with the Eastern Regional Reading First Technical Assistance Center (ERRFTAC). She has provided training in formative assessment and academic interventions in 22 states and Canada. Dr. Powell-Smith has conducted research related to children with various learning and behavioral difficulties, has served on the editorial boards for School Psychology Review, Psychology in the Schools, School Psychology Forum, Journal of Evidence Based Practices for Schools, and Proven Practice in the Prevention and Remediation of School Problems, and has conducted more than 230 national, state, and regional workshops and presentations.

The post Using Data to Improve Student Outcomes in the Context of COVID-19 appeared first on District 91¿´Æ¬istration.

]]>
Vocabulary and Oral Language: The Keys to Comprehension /article/vocabulary-and-oral-language-the-keys-to-comprehension/ Tue, 11 Feb 2020 05:00:00 +0000 http://3.212.154.62/vocabulary-and-oral-language-the-keys-to-comprehension-lpb/ Comprehending written text is an essential life skill. Consider all the ways you use your reading comprehension skills in everyday life. Everything from reading comics in the newspaper and social media to reading the voter’s pamphlet or reading a job application are impacted. Because of its importance, school personnel need to understand which reading skills […]

The post Vocabulary and Oral Language: The Keys to Comprehension appeared first on District 91¿´Æ¬istration.

]]>
.post-content{margin-top:370px;}

Comprehending written text is an essential life skill. Consider all the ways you use your reading comprehension skills in everyday life. Everything from reading comics in the newspaper and social media to reading the voter’s pamphlet or reading a job application are impacted. Because of its importance, school personnel need to understand which reading skills are critical to the development of reading comprehension.

It probably won’t come as a surprise that reading comprehension is a complex process consisting of several component skills and processes that work together in an integrated fashion. As such, when it comes to understanding reading comprehension problems, we need to untangle the variety of reasons why a student might struggle. Some of those reasons might include poor basic skills in phonemic awareness, decoding, or text reading fluency. While students may exhibit reading comprehension problems for a variety of reasons, two key areas are vocabulary and oral language.

What is the Significance of Vocabulary and Oral Language Development?

  • Vocabulary is one of the largest contributors to reading comprehension skill. Work by Stahl & Nagy (2006) suggests that vocabulary knowledge contributes 50 percent to 60 percent of the variance in reading comprehension outcomes.
  • Early vocabulary development fosters development of other critical basic skills (e.g., phonological awareness).
  • Children with more poorly developed vocabulary show declining comprehension skills later in elementary and middle school.
  • Oral language is a fundamental building block for learning. Children who come from a rich spoken language environment often have less difficulty comprehending text.

In What Ways Does Vocabulary Impact Comprehension?

Vocabulary impacts comprehension directly with respect to the understanding of text and indirectly because knowing a word’s meaning impacts word recognition fluency. An advantage of a strong vocabulary is that the more words you know, the easier it is to understand text and become fluent while reading. Reasons why include:

  • When a student has heard a word before, it makes it easier for them to map the letters in the word to the sounds of the word.
  • Knowing something about what a word means may help a student recognize the word in text, which contributes to their overall understanding of the sentence and passage in which it appears.
  • Breadth of vocabulary knowledge is related to background knowledge. Greater background knowledge helps students comprehend more challenging text.

Other Oral Language Skills Critical for Comprehension

While vocabulary is one of the largest contributors to comprehension, among the other oral language skills critical for students to develop are knowledge of syntax and morphology. Syntax involves the understanding of the order of words and their relationship to other words in a sentence. Morphology involves the knowledge of word parts or the smallest units of our language that can change the meaning of a word.

Ways knowledge of syntax aids student comprehension include greater ease with:

  • Chunking sentences into meaningful units.
  • Making sure decoding is accurate so they can fix decoding errors quickly and not disrupt the flow of their reading.
  • Verifying the meaning of unfamiliar words.
  • Clarifying meaning of ambiguous words, or words with multiple meanings.

Ways knowledge of morphology aids student comprehension include:

  • Increased vocabulary as students make connections between root words and the new words created by adding prefixes and suffixes (e.g.,ÌýactÌý+ ion = action; re +ÌýactÌý= react; re +ÌýactÌý+ ion = reaction).
  • Increased knowledge of syntax and grammatical understanding.
  • Increased fluency in reading connected text, which frees up cognitive resources that can then be allocated for comprehension.

So how might we pinpoint student difficulties in these key skill areas? One way to do so is by using diagnostic assessments that directly assess them and can be linked to targeted intervention. Pinpointing instructional needs in these critical areas can provide students the keys to unlocking the power of reading comprehension.

An Example:ÌýAcadience Reading Diagnostic:
Comprehension, Fluency, & Oral Language

A primary purpose ofÌýAcadienceâ„¢ÌýReading Diagnostic: Comprehension, Fluency, & Oral LanguageÌý(CFOL) is to assist educators in (a) untangling the many possible reasons why a student may struggle with comprehension and (b) better targeting interventions to those skill areas that support reading comprehension. As such,ÌýCFOLÌýincludes tasks in these skill domains: Story Coherence and Text Structure, Listening Comprehension, Reading Comprehension, Syntax and Grammar, Morphological Awareness, Vocabulary and Word Knowledge, and Reading Fluency.

.

About the Author

Dr. Kelly A. Powell-SmithÌýis Vice President and Associate Director of Research & Development at Acadience Learning, where she conducts research on assessment and intervention related to early childhood language and literacy development. Dr. Powell-Smith, a nationally certified school psychologist, obtained her doctorate in school psychology from the University of Oregon. She is a former Associate Professor of School Psychology at the University of South Florida. She was a faculty associate of the Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR) and a consultant with the Eastern Regional Reading First Technical Assistance Center (ERRFTAC). She has provided training in formative assessment and academic interventions in 22 states and Canada. Dr. Powell-Smith has conducted research related to children with various learning and behavioral difficulties, has served on the editorial boards for School Psychology Review, Psychology in the Schools, School Psychology Forum, Journal of Evidence Based Practices for Schools, and Proven Practice in the Prevention and Remediation of School Problems, and has conducted over 230 national, state, and regional workshops and presentations.

Reference:

Stahl, S. A., & Nagy, W. E. (2006).ÌýTeaching word meanings. Mahwah

The post Vocabulary and Oral Language: The Keys to Comprehension appeared first on District 91¿´Æ¬istration.

]]>